ਨਾਨਕਸ਼ਾਹੀ ਕੈਲੰਡਰ 

The Nanakshahi calendar is a tropical solar calendar used in Sikhism. It is based on the "Barah Maha" (Twelve Months), a composition composed by the Sikh gurus reflecting the changes in nature conveyed in the twelve-month cycle of the year. The year begins with the month of Chet, with 1 Chet corresponding to 14 March. The reference epoch of the Nanakshahi calendar is the birth of Guru Nanak Dev, corresponding to the year 1469 CE. Guru Nanak Dev Ji. 

The revised Nanakshahi calendar was designed by Pal Singh Purewal to replace the Bikrami calendar. The epoch of this calendar is the birth of the first Sikh Guru, Nanak Dev in 1469 and the Nanakshahi year commences on 1 Chet. New Year's Day falls annually on what is 14 March in the Gregorian Western calendar. The start of each month is fixed. According to Kapel (2006), the solar accuracy of the Nanakshahi calendar is linked to the Gregorian civil calendar. This is because the Nanaskhahi calendar uses the tropical year instead of using the sidereal year which is used in the Bikrami calendar or the old Nanakshahi and Khalsa calendars.

The Nanakshahi calendar is a significant development for Sikhism, as it provides a unified calendar for Sikhs worldwide. It is based on the principles of solar time and is aligned with the Gregorian calendar, making it easy for Sikhs to use in their daily lives.

The 12 months of the Nanakshahi calendar are:

1. Chet (March-April)
2. Vaisakh (April-May)
3. Jeth (May-June)
4. Asadh (June-July)
5. Sawan (July-August)
6. Bhadon (August-September)
7. Pattar (September-October)
8. Katik (October-November)
9. Margashir (November-December)
10. Poh (December-January)
11. Magh (January-February)
12. Phalgun (February-March)

Here are some additional details about the Nanakshahi calendar:

• Leap years: The Nanakshahi calendar has a leap year every four years, similar to the Gregorian calendar. In a leap year, the last month, Phalgun, has 31 days instead of 30.
• Weekdays: The Nanakshahi calendar uses the same weekdays as the Gregorian calendar, with Sunday being the first day of the week.
• Festivals: Many Sikh festivals are celebrated on specific dates in the Nanakshahi calendar. These include Vaisakhi, the Sikh New Year, and Gurpurabs, the birthdays of the Sikh gurus.
• Adoption: The Nanakshahi calendar was officially adopted by the Shiromani Gurdwara Prabhandak Committee (SGPC), the highest Sikh religious authority, in 2003. However, it has not been universally accepted by all Sikhs. Some Sikhs continue to use the Bikrami calendar, which is the traditional calendar used in India.
• Purpose: The Nanakshahi calendar was created in part to address the confusion that arose from the use of different calendars by different Sikh communities. It was also intended to promote Sikh identity and culture.

Famous Markets of Amritsar

 Famous Cloth Markets of Amritsar

Here is a detailed look into the famous cloth markets of Amritsar, known for their rich variety of fabrics, traditional garments, and modern fashion trends.

1. Golden Market (Patha Market)

• Overview: Golden Market, often called Patha Market, is a bustling hub for traditional Punjabi attire. It is one of the most sought-after markets for clothing in Amritsar.

• Specialty: This market is renowned for its Punjabi suits, Patiala salwars, phulkari dupattas, and pathanis. If you’re looking for intricately embroidered fabrics, phulkari work, or traditional suits, this is the place to be.

• Affordability: Known for its wide range of price points, Golden Market caters to both budget shoppers and those looking for more high-end products. Bulk buying is common here, and many local shopkeepers source from this market.

• Location: Located near the Golden Temple, this market is a shopper's paradise.

2. Katra Jaimal Singh Market

• Overview: Katra Jaimal Singh Market is one of the oldest and most famous textile markets in Amritsar. It is frequented by locals and tourists alike.

• Specialty: This market is a treasure trove of bridal lehengas, sherwanis, and party wear, making it a go-to destination for wedding shopping. You’ll find vibrant Banarasi silk sarees, designer suits, and embroidered dupattas here.

• Diversity: The market offers a mix of traditional and modern clothing, with options for casual wear, formal attire, and festive garments. Many high-end boutiques and tailors operate from Katra Jaimal Singh, known for custom-made outfits.

• Popular Among: Brides and grooms-to-be, and families shopping for weddings or special occasions.

• Location: This market is situated near the Golden Temple.

3. Chitta Katra

• Overview: Chitta Katra is another well-known market in Amritsar, specializing in both wholesale and retail fabric trade. It is especially popular among merchants and shop owners who come here to source textiles.

• Specialty: Cotton, silk, georgette, chiffon, and velvet fabrics are available in bulk. Many come here to buy fabric rolls for making custom outfits. The market is also known for affordable unstitched suits and high-quality dress materials.

• Wholesale Hub: Chitta Katra is a key destination for wholesale buyers looking for bulk fabric at competitive prices. This market has a reputation for offering quality at reasonable rates, making it popular among manufacturers and boutique owners.

• Location: Chitta Katra is another popular market near the Golden Temple.

4. Shimla Market

• Overview: Shimla Market is a bustling and colorful market with a mix of traditional and modern clothing. 

• Specialty: Known for its casual wear, daily-use fabrics, and kurtis, this market caters to a broad demographic, especially women. You'll also find light cotton sarees, printed salwar suits, and stylish kurtas.

• Attraction: The market offers a wide variety of budget-friendly options, making it a preferred choice for everyday clothing shopping.

• Location: Shimla Market is located in the heart of Amritsar.

5. Som Bazar

• Overview: Som Bazar is known for its vibrant energy and is one of the favorite destinations for local shoppers looking for affordable clothing options.

• Specialty: The market features ready-made garments, unstitched suits, and casual wear. It's a place where you can find great bargains on daily wear, particularly women’s clothing, children's attire, and men's kurtas.

• Popularity: Som Bazar is known for its sales and competitive prices, attracting budget-conscious shoppers.

• Location: Som Bazar is a bustling market located in the old city of Amritsar.

6. Ramser Market

• Overview: Ramser Market is a smaller but well-known market in Amritsar for textile shopping. It is often visited by those looking for more specialized or unique fabrics.

• Specialty: The market is renowned for traditional fabrics, embroidered materials, and exclusive handloom products. It has a distinct appeal for those seeking high-quality dress materials with intricate designs.

• Niche Market: Though not as large as other markets, Ramser Market has its loyal customers, particularly those with a preference for unique and custom-made clothing.

• Location: Ramsar Market is situated in the old city of Amritsar near gurudwara shaheed ganj sahib.

7. Atta Mandi

• Overview: Atta Mandi is an iconic market with a historical background, located in the heart of the old city of Amritsar. It is known for its traditional wholesale cloth trading and remains a hotspot for merchants.

• Specialty: The market is famous for its wide range of textiles, particularly handloom fabrics, cottons, and traditional Punjabi outfits. Atta Mandi is also one of the major sources for khadi fabrics and ethnic wear.

• Historical Significance: Being one of the older markets in the city, it retains a traditional vibe, with many family-owned businesses that have been there for generations.

• Location: Atta Mandi is a wholesale market located in the outskirts of Amritsar.

8. Pink Plaza

• Overview: Pink Plaza is a modern shopping hub compared to some of the more traditional markets in Amritsar. It is popular for trendy fashion, party wear, and stylish suits.

• Specialty: The market is known for its designer sarees, Indo-western outfits, and modern ethnic wear. If you're looking for something contemporary with a touch of traditional elegance, Pink Plaza offers a great selection.

• Fashion Focus: Pink Plaza is frequented by the younger crowd and fashion enthusiasts. It's also a great place for semi-formal and evening wear shopping.

• Location: Pink Plaza is a modern shopping mall located in Amritsar.

These markets in Amritsar reflect the city’s rich textile heritage and the blend of tradition with modern fashion. Whether you're shopping for casual wear, bridal outfits, or fabrics for custom tailoring, these markets offer something for everyone at various price points.

 Famous Food shops in Amritsar

Masala Darbaar

Masala Darbaar is a renowned multi-cuisine restaurant offering delicious vegetarian dishes. Known for its family-friendly atmosphere and traditional Indian and Punjabi flavors, Masala Darbaar is famous for its Amritsari Kulcha, Tandoori Veg, Butter Naan, Karahi Paneer, and Methi Malai. Enjoy authentic recipes passed down through generations in a refreshing and enjoyable environment. Experience consistent quality, service, and style at Masala Darbaar.

Location- 568-A, Jallianwala Bagh, Mahna Singh road, Opp. - Braham buta Market Amritsar.PB. Phone:- 8837836669 or 0183-2912478

Giani Tea Stall

Giani Tea Stall is a hidden gem on Cooper Road, offering a delightful array of snacks and beverages. Known for its delicious tea, kachories, samosas, and more, this popular spot attracts morning walkers and locals alike. With a limited menu, Gianni Tea Stall consistently delivers quality food, especially their sought-after kachories. Don't miss out on this local favorite, but arrive early to avoid disappointment, as their kachories often sell out by 1 PM.

Location- JVMG+R5V, Cooper Rd, near Giani Tea Stall, opposite Inderpuri Foods, Crystal Chowk, Near, INA Colony, Amritsar, Punjab 143001, India.

Haveli Restaurant

Haveli Restaurant: A Punjabi Cultural Experience This sprawling restaurant in Jandiala Guru offers a unique blend of Punjabi cuisine, art, and culture. With its old architecture, traditional sculptures, and living village street, it's a must-visit. Enjoy delicious vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes, including Punjabi, Chinese, and South Indian cuisine. Don't miss the puppet shows and live music in the evenings.

Location- 11, District Shopping Complex, Gumtala Sub Urban, B - Block, Ranjit Avenue, Amritsar, Punjab 143001, India

Makhan Fish & Chicken corner

Makhan Fish & Chicken Corner this renowned Amritsar restaurant offers a diverse menu of delicious Indian and Punjabi cuisine. Renowned for its Amritsari Fish, this family-friendly spot is perfect for a memorable dining experience. Enjoy traditional favorites like Tandoori Non-veg, Butter Chicken, and Karahi Chicken. With its high-quality food, excellent service, and comfortable atmosphere, Makhan Fish & Chicken Corner is a must-visit for locals and tourists alike.

Location- Makhan Chowk, 21A, Majitha Rd, near Madaan Hospital, Sehaj Avenue, Amritsar, Punjab 143001, India.

Gian di Lassi

Gian di Lassi is a renowned establishment in Amritsar, Punjab, renowned for its authentic Punjabi lassi. This family-run shop has been serving up creamy, flavorful lassi for generations. They offer a variety of flavors, including the classic sweet lassi, mango, strawberry, and salted lassi. The malai lassi, topped with a thick layer of creamy malai, is a particular favorite among visitors. Gian di Lassi's commitment to using high-quality ingredients and traditional recipes ensures that every sip is a delightful experience.

Location- Gagar Mal Rd, opp. regent cinema, Chowk Regent Cinema, Katra Sher Singh, Katra Ahluwalia, Amritsar, Punjab 143006, India.

Kesar Da Dhaba

Kesar Da Dhaba is a well-established Punjabi eatery in Amritsar, renowned for its authentic and flavorful thalis. Tucked away in a traditional setting, this restaurant offers a unique dining experience. The dhaba is known for its commitment to preserving traditional Punjabi cuisine, using fresh, local ingredients to create dishes that are both comforting and delicious. With its warm atmosphere and friendly service, Kesar Da Dhaba is a must-visit for anyone seeking a taste of authentic Punjabi hospitality.

Location- Chowk Passian, gali rajpura, near Telephone Exchange, Amritsar, Punjab 143001

Charming Chicken

Charming Chicken is a popular eatery in Amritsar, India, renowned for its delectable chicken dishes. With a focus on quality ingredients and authentic flavors, the restaurant offers a simple yet satisfying dining experience. The menu features a variety of chicken-based delicacies, including the flavorful Butter Chicken, the tender Chicken Tikka, and the aromatic Chicken Biryani. Charming Chicken provides a casual and comfortable ambiance, perfect for both dine-in and takeaway options. Whether you're a local or a visitor to Amritsar, Charming Chicken is a must-try for those seeking delicious and authentic Indian cuisine.

Location- Majitha Rd, Opposite Nari Niketan, Amritsar, Punjab 143001